Title
Previous
Next
Beowulf, A Precessional Myth,
page 5
The Saga of Beowulf
The saga has come down to us in the form of a poem written in
Anglo-Saxon, also known as Old English. It was the first piece of literature
written in that language that has survived. Composed between the the seventh
and tenth centuries AD it records the heroic adventures of a warrior of southern
Sweden called Beowulf. He was from a clan known as the Geats. He sailed across
the southern Baltic Sea with a band of warriors to help a king of Denmark
defend his kingdom against a fearsome monster, Grendel.
Whether Beowulf, his kin, and the Danish king and nobles existed
is a matter of academic dispute, though the text certainly records the ambience
of the times. Scholars have also tried to find an historical explanation for
the monster, seeing in it symbols of marauding bands of nomads or bandits.
What nobody has considered, so far, is that the Saga is an allegory
for something.
Before we look at the skies for an explanation, let us first
look at the hero himself and his adventures.
- A Danish king, Hrothgar, has built a magnificent new mead hall, meant
to be the wonder of the world.
- No sooner is it built than a monster from the marshes starts taking away
and killing the King's nobles.
- Beowulf, a warrior of the Geats in southern Sweden, on hearing of these
affairs gathers a band of warriors and sets off to help.
- Our hero learns of the monster Grendel and offers to rid the land of it.
Beowulf and his warriors lay in wait. After a long and arduous struggle
Beowulf prevails and mortally wounds the demon. He cuts off one of Grendel's
claws as a trophy and fixes it in the Mead Hall for all to see.
- Before long, nobles and warriors are once more being taken or killed,
this time by Grendel's mother, who was outraged at the killing of her offspring.
Beowulf springs into battle again, eventually defeating the 'troll-dam'.
- Beowulf is treated to a warrior's triumph and laden with riches for his
journey home. He becomes a king in his own country and his fame is spread
far and wide.
- In his old age, Beowulf hears of problems again in Denmark - a dragon
has awoken and is spreading terror across the land. He heads back to Denmark
to deal with this new terror. After another great combat he defeats the
dragon. Like all dragons, it guards a hoard of treasure.
The poem is worth reading as an adventure in its own right without
regard for inner meanings. However, certain features of this Saga suggest
that it has an additional reading for those who understand the language of
myth.